![]() ![]() Timing is important for these observations: This experiment requires daily (or near-daily) visual observations and twice-daily online measurements of the weather for several weeks. If such an area is not easily observable from your home, then you will need transportation to frequently visit a field, park, or other location that is within 10 minutes travel time (one way) from your home, to record your observations. In this science fair project, you will need to make daily, or near-daily, observations of an area with considerable plant matter.NOAA National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association.This source describes and provides example photos of the different types of fog, including radiation fog: This source describes the factors that help form radiation fog: The Foggiest Idea (Episode 701: Gone with the Fog). In this science fair project, you will record weather conditions in your area over several weeks to see which of these factors, or combinations of factors, has the greatest impact on the formation of radiation fog. Wet soil or vegetation (from a previous day's rain).Meteorologists have identified a number of factors that can contribute to the formation of radiation fog on any given morning, including: Radiation fog, shown in Figure 1, below, often occurs overnight above wet vegetation in autumn or early winter, and usually does not last long after sunrise. The name refers to the cooling of the land that goes on after sunset on a clear night when there is thermal radiation of ground heat into space. Radiation fog doesn't have anything to do with X-rays or radioactivity. ![]() In this science fair project, you will focus on radiation fog, also sometimes known as ground fog or tule fog (pronounced too-lee fog). These fogs differ in how and where the cooling of the water vapor (the condensation) occurs, which affects their appearance, and how long they last. You might think that "fog is fog," but meteorologists have grouped fog into many different types, with names like radiation fog, advection fog, sea fog, evaporation fog, steaming fog, freezing fog, hail fog, garua fog, valley fog, upslope fog, precipitation (frontal) fog, and ice fog. Weather scientists, known as meteorologists, can determine when fog formation is likely by observing the dew-point depression, which is the temperature difference between the outdoor temperature and the dew point. For formation, all fogs (and clouds) also need tiny nuclei (like dust or smog particles), on which condensation can form. What weather conditions must exist for fog to form? Fog forms when very moist air (air with high humidity) is cooled to its dew point or saturation point, where it can no longer hold the moisture it contains. The same thing happens, on a larger scale, to make fog. As the water vapor in the atmosphere hits the cold container, it cools, and little beads of water form on the outside of the container. You have seen this if you've left a cold container out on your kitchen counter before. As water vapor cools, it undergoes a process called condensation, where it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. ![]() In this Cyberchase episode on PBS KIDS GO!, watch as the CyberSquad investigates dew point in order to complete a rescue mission under the cover of fog!įrom where do the water droplets come? They originate from water vapor, which is water in its gaseous state. So when there are enough water droplets suspended in the air, all close together, and you can't see beyond 1 kilometer (km), then you have the weather event called fog. The water droplet is opaque, which means that you can't see through it. Fog! What is fog? Well, imagine a water droplet suspended in the air, like a party balloon that has lost most of its helium and is floating just above the ground. Here's a riddle for you: What do you call a cloud that sits on the ground? A cloud with a bad altitude? Nope. ![]()
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